Specimens

Cresson (1867: 312)^[1] described Ichneumon quadriceps based on a female from Canada and on a male from Connecticut (USA). Cresson (1916: 51)^[2] listed the female from Canada as the "type." This latter action can be considered a valid lectotype designation according to the ICZN (1999: article 74.5)^[3] as the author unambiguously selected one of the two syntypes as the name-bearing specimen. 
 

References

Ichneumon encaustus Cresson, 1868

Cresson (1868: 4)^[1] reported 4 specimens belonging to the type series, without selecting one of them as the name-bearing type. Cresson (1874: 116)^[2] mentioned the presence of a male, even though it is not clear if the specimen is a new record or belong to the type series. Cresson (1916: 30)^[3] listed the type specimen for the species, mentioning a female from Cordova "in good condition". Townes & Townes (1966: 256)^[4] considered Cresson's (1916: 30)^[3] action a lectotype designation. To be valid, a lectotype designation should unambigously select a particular specimen to be the name-bearing type (ICZN, 1999: article 74.5)^[5]. Unfortunately, Cresson (1916: 30)^[3] failed to do that as there are 4 specimens in the type series, all females. The types should be referred to as syntypes.

References

Ichneumon tepanecus Cresson, 1868

Cresson (1868: 5)^[1] clearly stated the presence of three female specimens in the original combination, without selecting one of them as the holotype. Cresson (1916: 58)^[2] did not unambiguously selected one of the three as the name-bearing type. Therefore, the correct term to refere to the types is "syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73)^[3]

References

Cresson (1868: 21)^[1] clearly stated the presence of "One [female symbol] specimen". Therefore, holotype is the correct term to refer to the type specimen (ICZN, 1999: article 73.1.1)^[2]

Cresson (1868: 21)^[1] did not reported any locality for the holotype. Cresson (1874: 112)^[3] reported "Orizaba" as the locality, even though it is not clear if he refers to new specimens or to the holotype. Townes & Townes (1966: 271)^[4] reporter "Hacienda del Potrero near Cordoba" as the type locality, probably after examining the holotype.

References

"[White Label] Mex. // [Blue label] Para-Type / 66/12"

Ichneumon (Ichneumon) curiatus Cameron, 1875

In ANSP collection only two specimens (this one and the female).

Ichneumon (Ichneumon) curiatus Cameron, 1875

In ANSP collection only two specimens (this one and the male)

Ichneumon zacatecus Cresson, 1874

In the original description, Cresson (1874: 116)^[1] did not clearly stated the number of specimens included in the original combination, and did not select one as the holotype. Cresson (1916: 63)^[2] did not unambigously select a specimen to function as the lectotype. Therefore, the correct term to refere to the types is "syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73)^[3]

References

Ichneumon subspinosus Cresson, 1868

Cresson (1868: 17)[1] mentioned the presence of 4 specimens in the original description. Later on, Cresson (1916: 57)^[2] provided a list of Cresson's type without unmabigously designating one of them as the name bering type. Therefore, the correct term to refer to the type is "Syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73)^[3]

References

Ichneumon Nestor Cresson, 1868

Cresson (1868: 13)^[1] clearly stated the presence of "One [female symbol] specimen." Therefore, the type can be referred to as the holotype (ICZN, 1999: article 73.1.1).^[2]

References

Ichneumon Toros Cameron, 1868

Cresson (1868: 14)^[1] clearly stated the presence of three female specimens in the original combination, without selecting one of them as the holotype. Cresson (1916: 58)^[2] did not unambiguously selected one of the three as the name-bearing type. Therefore, the correct term to refere to the types is "syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73)^[3]

References

Ichneumon (Ichneumon) epicus Cameron, 1874

Cresson (1874: 121)^[1] described the species on males, without addressing how many specimens were present in the type series. 
The type locality is unsure. Cresson (1874: 121)^[1] recorded the species for "Mirador", but it is unclear exactly where is located as there are multiple cities or villages with that name. At the beginning of his work, Cresson (1874: 121)^[1] mentioned that he is indebeted to Dr. Charles Sartorius who collected in the "neighborhood of Mirador". Assuming this is correct, it could be the neighborhood "El Mirador" in Mexico City. 

References

Ichneumon (Ichneumon) nigrofemoratus Cresson, 1874

Cresson (1874: 122)^[1] described the species without designating a specific specimen as the name-bearing type and without declaring the number of specimens in the type series. Unfortunately, since the original description did not designated any name-bearing type, the correct term to refer to the types is "Syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73.2)^[2]

References

According to Townes & Townes (1966: 257)^[1] the type went lost

References

B.M. E. Afr. Exp. B. M. 1935–203

Brit. Mus. 1927–54

Not sure how many specimens in the original type series

"The holotype of D. cariniscutis is in relatively poor condition, with the antennae broken and legs either broken or covered in glue. The ventral third of the head is also hidden by glue, making most of the relative measurements impossible" (Rousse et al., 2013: 35)^[1]

References

4 females and 5 males: not clear how many in BMNH & how many in the SAMC

Oedicephalus albomaculatus Ashmead, 1895

Ashmead (1895: 549)^[1] cearly stated he "described from on [female symbol] specimen" 

References

Some specimens seem to have been collected also in other locality: check the types

Ichneumon uxorius Cresson, 1867

From Gauld & Fernández-Triana (2010: 42)^[1]: "References to the Cresson’s species housed in Cuba have been confusing over the years and should be corrected. The IES name was applied in 1987 to the former “Instituto de Zoología” which in turn originated in 1970 from the “Instituto de Biología” (the last being founded in 1962 from the “Comisión Nacional de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba”), in an unfortunate combination of names for the same institution and collection over the years. The confusion arisen from this plethora of names probably led to Townes & Townes (1966)^[2] mention of that collection as “Comisión Nacional de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba”, a mistake followed by subsequent workers (e.g., Yu & Horstmann 1997^[3]). We suggest the correct citation for these Ichneumonidae types henceforward should be the Gundlach’s collection, housed in the IES".

Cresson (1867: 310)^[4] specifically mentioned "One [female symbol] specimen" in the type series.

References

Joppa bispina Brullé, 1846

Only one specimen present in the MNHN, and therefore can be called "Holotype" (ICZN: article 73.1)^[1]

References

https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/ey/item/ey2327?listI...

"[Brown label] MUSEUM PARIS / SUD-CAPITAINERIE / DES MINES // [Brown and round label] [unreadeable] / da minas / 1890 // [brown label] polychroa / Br. // [Brown label] Tetragonochora / polychroa / Brullé / type . // [White label] Museum Paris / EY0000002331 // [Red label] TYPE"  

Joppa polychroa Brullé, 1846

Brullé (1846: 283)^[1] described the species without designating a specific specimen as the name-bearing type and without declaring the number of specimens in the type series. The correct term to refer to the types is "Syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73.2)^[2]

References

https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/ey/item/ey2331

Joppa xanthogaster Brullé, 1846

Brullé (1846: 284)^[1] desribed a female but according to Townes & Townes (1966: 258)^[2] the correct sex attribution is "male." In its original description, Brullé (1846: 284)^[1] did not clearly stated the number of specimens included in the original combination, and did not select one as the holotype. Therefore, the correct term to refere to the types is "syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73)^[3]

References

https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/ey/item/ey2334?listI...

"[Yellow label] MUSEUM PARIS / Brésil / Guaratuba / A. de S'Hilaiu 1820 // [Yellow label] Dorsalis / Br. // [White label] Museum Paris / EY0000002349 // [Red label] TYPE // [Round blue label]"

Joppa dorsalis Brullé, 1846

There seems to be only one specimen at the MNHN, so it can be referred to as the "Holotype" (ICZN, 1999: article 73.1)^[1]

References

https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/ey/item/ey2349?listI...

Joppa annulipes Brullé, 1846

Only one specimen present in the MNHN, and therefore can be called "Holotype" (ICZN: article 73.1)^[1]
 

References

https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/ey/item/ey2359?listI...

Heinrich (1934: 211)^[1] clearly mentioned one female specimen in his original description. 

References

Ichneumon yucatanensis Cameron, 1885

Cameron (1885: 168)^[1] did not clearly stated the number of specimen(s) in the type series.

References

Ichneumon subsecivus Cameron, 1885

Cameron (1885: 168)^[1] did not clearly stated the number of specimen(s) in the type series.

References

Ichneumon valladolidensis Cameron, 1885

Cresson (1885: 167)^[1] did not clearly stated the number of specimens included in the original combination, and did not select one as the holotype. Therefore, the correct term to refere to the types is "syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73)^[2]

References

Ichneumon fastidiosissimus Cameron, 1885

Cameron (1885: 186)^[1] did not clearly stated how many type where present in the type series

References

Ichneumon? Havanensis Cameron, 1906

Cameron (1906: 277)^[1] seems to refere to only one male specimen.

References

Lindigia immaculata Morley, 1915

Morley (1915: 49)^[1] clearly identified one single specimen in the type series as "The type". Therefore, the type can be referred to as the holotype (ICZN, 1999: article 73.1.1)^[2]

References

"[White label] Essequibo / Smidt. / Mus: J: Lund / Ichneumon / frictorius / Fabr. // [White label] Carinodes / frictorius / Tow.'58 Fab. // [Red label] Holotypus / Ichneumon / frictorius / Fab. [female symbol] / Townes det. // [Red label] TYPE // [White label] ZMUC 00241005"

Ichneumon frictorius Fabricius, 1804

Fabricius (1804: 58)^[1] described the species without designating a specific specimen as the name-bearing type and without declaring the number of specimens in the type series. Trentepohl (1829: 814)^[2] redescribed the species adding "59?" before the name, without declaring if he has seen the type. Townes & Townes (1966: 256)^[3] the type locality was "British Guiana: Essequibo". It is not clear where the authors took that information. According to Townes & Townes (1966: 256)^[3], Trentepohl (1829: 814)^[2] redesignated the type. Looking at the images of the type, it seems clear that Townes in 1958 segregated a possible type from Fabricius collection, deeming it the "Holotype". Unfortunately, since the original description did not designated any name-bearing type, and since there seems to be at least another type in the type series (catalog number: zmuc002410060), "Holotype" is not the correct term to refer to the type. The correct term to refer to the types is "Syntypes" (ICZN, 1999: article 73.2)^[4]

References

http://www.daim.snm.ku.dk/digitized-type-collection-details-simple?catno...

Collected by Malaise trap in mesic mountain fynbos on sandstone, Protea dominated

Collected by sweeping in mesic mountain fynbos on sandstone, Protea coronata dominated

Collected by Malaise trap in Acacia/Commiphora bushland

Emerged from <i>Eucalyptus nitens</i> logs infested with cossid larvae of <i>Coryphodema tristis</i>

Emerged from <i>Eucalyptus nitens</i> logs infested with cossid larvae of <i>Coryphodema tristis</i>

Colleted by Yellow Pan Traps in a primary mid-altitude rainforest

Collected by yellow pan trap in a primary mid-altitude rainforest

Collected by sweeping in a pimary mid-altitude rainforest

Collected by malaise trap

Same data as the holotype

Collected by yellow pan traps in a secondary mid-altitude rainforest

Collected by Malaise trap in a Southern Karoo Riviere Leucosidea dominated area

Collected by Malaise trap

Collected by Malaise trap in the Southern Karoo Riviere Leucosidea dominated

Collected by Yellow Pan trap, Southern Karoo Riviere, Riverine Woodland

Collected by Yellow Pan trap, Southern Karoo Riviere, Riverine Woodland

Collected by Malaise trap in Karoo Escarpment Grassland

Collected by Malaise trap in Camdeboo Escarpment Thicket

Dicaelotus janeirensis Brèthes, 1927

Brèthes (1927: 306)^[1] clearly stated the presence of "Un exemplaire de Rio de Janeiro [= one specimen from Rio de Janeiro]." Therefore, the type can be referred to as the holotype (ICZN, 1999: article 73.1.1).^[2]

References

Ichneumon minasensis Brèthes, 1927

Brèthes (1927: 303)^[1] clearly stated the presence of "Un exemplaire de Uberaba, Minas [= one specimen from Uberaba, Minas]." Therefore, the type can be referred to as the holotype (ICZN, 1999: article 73.1.1).^[2]

Brèthes (1927: 306)^[1] stated that the type was a female, however Townes & Townes (1966: 257)^[3] stated that the holotype is actually a male.

References

Collected by Malaise trap

Collected by malaise trap

Collected by Malaise trap

Collected by Malaise trap

Collected by Malaise trap

Collected by Malaise trap

Collected by Malaise trap

Collected by Malaise trap

Collected by Malaise trap

Carinodes inermis Heinrich, 1930

Heinrich (1930: 553)^[1] clearly stated the presence of "1 [female symbol] aus Peru, Dep. Cuzco".  Therefore, the type can be referred to as the holotype (ICZN, 1999: article 73.1.1)^[2]

References